In general, the constant bit rate is denoted as the traffic object generation as per the deterministic rate and mainly is known as Cbr. The below mentioned OTcl code is deployed to execute the code based in Cbr traffic source in simulation.
set my_cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$my_cbr attach-agent $udp
$ns at Cbr Ns2
TCP and UDP is functioning along with Cbr-Ns2 to design the characteristics of traffic source of packets. In Ns2, traffic modeling is considered as one of the most significant parameters and it includes the utilization of Cbr with the functions of transport protocols. We have to get to know the required data about the configuration and software requirement in Ns2 for the implementation of Cbr in Ns2. In addition, our research professionals are well equipped and experienced in this field, so you guys can make use of this knowledge.
In the following, we have highlighted the significant applications based on Cbr and all these are applications are functioning in real time.
Major Applications in Cbr
- Traffic modeling
- Telecommunication systems
- Video conferencing and streaming
- MP3 files
Why CBR traffic used for Evaluating the Broadcast Algorithm in MANET?
As known as earlier, Cbr is deployed in the connecting process of transport traffic with the fixed bit rate among the traffic source and destination. It is capable to implement the various data type in the end system which needs the probable amount of bandwidth and the response time. The functions of TCP as Cbr traffic pattern are deployed to link any pair of nodes. On the other hand, the broadcast algorithms are injected into the network to confirm the alterations of saved broadcast and metrics.
The following is about the source code based on the implementation of traffic process through implementing all the above required data about Cbr traffic. The below mentioned code is highlighted by experienced technical developers for your reference.
Adding Traffic to Link
#Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0
# Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp0
set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr0 set packetSize_ 500
$cbr0 set interval_ 0.005
$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0
#Create a Null agent (a traffic sink) and
attach it to node n1
set null0 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $null0
#Connect the traffic source with the traffic
sink
$ns connect $udp0 $null0
#Schedule events for the CBR agent
$ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start"
$ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop”
Create Data Transmission between Nodes Using UDP in Ns2
In general, the nodes in wireless network communicate using the communication model and that model includes the objects such as,
- Cbr traffic
- It is deployed to creation the data packets with the deterministic rate
- UDP agent
- Sender nodes are attached
- Null agent
- Receiver nodes are attached
The keyword connect is deployed to connect the UDP agent and null agent and the attach agent is another keyword that is used to connect the transport agents and the Cbr applications.
Sample Trace File Content in Ns2
We have highlighted the sample trace file content based on Ns2 in the following and you guys can utilize this code $ns trace-all $fd in the .tcl file. Both the Ns2 and Cbr is deployed to generate the trace content that is listed below.
+ 1.84375 0 2 cbr 210 ——-0 0.0 3.1 225 610
-1.84375 0 2 cbr 210 ——-0 0.0 3.1 225 610
r 1.84471 2 1 cbr 210 ——-1 3.0 1.0 195 600
r 1.84566 2 0 ack 40 ——-2 3.2 0.1 82 602
+ 1.84566 0 2 tcp 1000 ——-2 0.1 3.2 102 611
-1.84566 0 2 tcp 1000 ——-2 0.1 3.2 102 611
r 1.84609 0 2 cbr 210 ——-0 0.0 3.1 225 610
+ 1.84609 2 3 cbr 210 ——-0 0.0 3.1 225 610
d 1.84609 2 3 cbr 210 ——-0 0.0 3.1 225 610
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